Different algorithms are used to apply the image processing techniques. It is an automatic procedure used to enhance the X-ray image quality. Some algorithms used to apply the digital image process techniques are listed below.
Low-pass filters are used for spatial enhancement, which emphasises areas with low spatial frequencies. This is done by allowing low spatial frequencies to pass while blocking high spatial frequencies. Low-pass filters are used to smooth the appearance of an image.
High-pass filters are used for spatial enhancement and work by emphasising areas with high spatial frequencies. This is done by allowing high spatial frequencies to pass while blocking low spatial frequencies. High-pass filters are used to sharpen fine details in an image.
Directional or edge detection filters enhance linear features or features that are oriented in specific directions. These filters are used in geology for the detection of linear geologic structures.
Linear contrast stretch is a filter that evaluates the maximum and minimum brightness in an image and expands this ratio to a greater area. Hence, there is plenty of maximum and minimum brightness areas. This highlights the contrast in the image by having more clear dark and light shadows.